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Ingredient intelligence · non-production preview

Magnesium citrate

Not medically reviewed
mineral compoundentity:ingredient:magnesium-citrateCompare this ingredientView evidence

Identity structure

Parent and form relationships

Ingredients, supplement concepts, supplement-form projections, and commercial products remain separate records.

Parent supplement

Origin is not a quality score

Origin classification is not assigned for this pilot. MEDucated does not rank naturally occurring or manufactured ingredients as better or worse based on origin.

Evidence availability

Direct ingredient evidence boundaries

Supplement-level evidence is reused only when a frozen source block explicitly names this ingredient or form. Missing topics remain unavailable.

Identity and what it is

Direct source evidence for this ingredient topic is not yet available in MEDucated.

Evidence unavailable

Common uses

Direct source evidence for this ingredient topic is not yet available in MEDucated.

Evidence unavailable

Biological role

Direct source evidence for this ingredient topic is not yet available in MEDucated.

Evidence unavailable

What evidence has studied

Direct source evidence for this ingredient topic is not yet available in MEDucated.

Evidence unavailable

Potential benefits studied

Direct source evidence for this ingredient topic is not yet available in MEDucated.

Evidence unavailable

Safety considerations

Direct source evidence for this ingredient topic is not yet available in MEDucated.

Evidence unavailable

Side effects

Direct source evidence for this ingredient topic is not yet available in MEDucated.

Evidence unavailable

Medication interactions

Direct source evidence for this ingredient topic is not yet available in MEDucated.

Evidence unavailable

Supplement interactions

Direct source evidence for this ingredient topic is not yet available in MEDucated.

Evidence unavailable

Food interactions

Direct source evidence for this ingredient topic is not yet available in MEDucated.

Evidence unavailable

Forms and chemical variants

A frozen NIH ODS source explicitly identifies this ingredient or form. Source wording is preserved without creating a new conclusion.

Source-backed preview

Structural characterization

Evidence profile

No overall rating assigned
Evidence source
NIH ODS evidence synthesis
Linked references
8 identified
Human evidence
Human evidence identified
Randomized trials
Randomized trial identified
Reviews and meta-analyses
Systematic reviews or meta-analyses not identified in the frozen metadata
Evidence recency
1990–2012
Source-described consistency
Not characterized in these source blocks
MEDucated evidence rating
Not assigned

Reference counts describe frozen source associations; a larger count does not establish stronger evidence.

Inspect technical evidence details
Evidence types identified
  • Study type could not be determined6
  • Pharmacokinetic study1
  • Randomized controlled trial1
Source-described limitations
  • ODS describes a small study base

    The absorption of magnesium from different kinds of magnesium supplements varies. Forms of magnesium that dissolve well in liquid are more completely absorbed in the gut than less soluble forms [2,12]. Small studies have found that magnesium in the aspartate, citrate, lactate, and chloride forms is absorbed more completely and is more bioavailable than magnesium oxide and magnesium sulfate [12-16]. One study found that very high doses of zinc from supplements (142 mg/day) can interfere with magnesium absorption and disrupt the magnesium balance in the body [17].

Classified references

  1. Rude RK. Magnesium. In: Coates PM, Betz JM, Blackman MR, Cragg GM, Levine M, Moss J, White JD, eds. Encyclopedia of Dietary Supplements. 2nd ed. New York, NY: Informa Healthcare; 2010:527-37.

    Study type could not be determined · Population basis: unknown · Directness: not assessed

  2. Rude RK. Magnesium. In: Ross AC, Caballero B, Cousins RJ, Tucker KL, Ziegler TR, eds. Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease. 11th ed. Baltimore, Mass: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2012:159-75.

    Study type could not be determined · Population basis: unknown · Directness: not assessed

  3. Ranade VV, Somberg JC. Bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of magnesium after administration of magnesium salts to humans. Am J Ther 2001;8:345-57. [PubMed abstract]

    Pharmacokinetic study · Population basis: human · Directness: not assessed

  4. Firoz M, Graber M. Bioavailability of US commercial magnesium preparations. Magnes Res 2001;14:257-62. [PubMed abstract]

    Study type could not be determined · Population basis: unknown · Directness: not assessed

  5. Mühlbauer B, Schwenk M, Coram WM, Antonin KH, Etienne P, Bieck PR, Douglas FL. Magnesium-L-aspartate-HCl and magnesium-oxide: bioavailability in healthy volunteers. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1991;40:437-8. [PubMed abstract]

    Study type could not be determined · Population basis: human · Directness: not assessed

  6. Lindberg JS, Zobitz MM, Poindexter JR, Pak CY. Magnesium bioavailability from magnesium citrate and magnesium oxide. J Am Coll Nutr 1990;9:48-55. [PubMed abstract]

    Study type could not be determined · Population basis: unknown · Directness: not assessed

  7. Walker AF, Marakis G, Christie S, Byng M. Mg citrate found more bioavailable than other Mg preparations in a randomized, double-blind study. Mag Res 2003;16:183-91. [PubMed abstract]

    Randomized controlled trial · Population basis: unknown · Directness: not assessed

  8. Spencer H, Norris C, Williams D. Inhibitory effects of zinc on magnesium balance and magnesium absorption in man. J Am Coll Nutr 1994;13:479-84. [PubMed abstract]

    Study type could not be determined · Population basis: unknown · Directness: not assessed
Read imported source wording

Supplements can contain a variety of different forms of magnesium, and the absorption of these forms varies. In general, forms of magnesium that dissolve well in liquid have higher absorption than other forms, and the aspartate, citrate, lactate, and chloride forms of magnesium tend to have higher bioavailability than magnesium oxide and magnesium sulfate.

Magnesium supplements are available in a variety of forms, including magnesium oxide, citrate, and chloride [2,3]. The Supplement Facts panel on a dietary supplement label declares the amount of elemental magnesium in the product, not the weight of the entire magnesium-containing compound.

The absorption of magnesium from different kinds of magnesium supplements varies. Forms of magnesium that dissolve well in liquid are more completely absorbed in the gut than less soluble forms [2,12]. Small studies have found that magnesium in the aspartate, citrate, lactate, and chloride forms is absorbed more completely and is more bioavailable than magnesium oxide and magnesium sulfate [12-16]. One study found that very high doses of zinc from supplements (142 mg/day) can interfere with magnesium absorption and disrupt the magnesium balance in the body [17].

Where did MEDucated get this?

Magnesium

Publisher
NIH Office of Dietary Supplements
Revision
January 6, 2026
Source fingerprint
0f84702092574ff8a3b3fe01ab3a977c6a76d37e18b758e3e94b6d3ca55c3d59
Source blocks
ingredient-block:magnesium-citrate:ods-block:magnesium-health-professional:dietary-supplements:1, ingredient-block:magnesium-citrate:ods-block:magnesium-health-professional:dietary-supplements:2, ingredient-block:magnesium-citrate:ods-block:magnesium-health-professional:dietary-supplements:3
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Source attribution does not imply NIH or ODS endorsement of MEDucated.

Intake and dose reference information

Direct source evidence for this ingredient topic is not yet available in MEDucated.

Evidence unavailable

Populations needing caution

Direct source evidence for this ingredient topic is not yet available in MEDucated.

Evidence unavailable

Pregnancy and lactation

Direct source evidence for this ingredient topic is not yet available in MEDucated.

Evidence unavailable

Laboratory and test considerations

Direct source evidence for this ingredient topic is not yet available in MEDucated.

Evidence unavailable

Regulatory status

Direct source evidence for this ingredient topic is not yet available in MEDucated.

Evidence unavailable

Evidence limitations

Direct source evidence for this ingredient topic is not yet available in MEDucated.

Evidence unavailable

Architecture readiness

Connected without overreaching

This identity can participate in future interaction and product-label models without creating an interaction conclusion or product score.
Interaction target ready

Canonical resolution

Exact names and registered aliases can resolve to entity:ingredient:magnesium-citrate. Uncertain terms remain unresolved.

Product-label ready

Identity mapping only

Future labels can preserve literal wording, quantity, unit, serving basis, order, and source provenance separately from this identity.